1 #!/usr/bin/perl 2 # 3 4 # 5 #A very basic tic-tac-toe program (the computer chooses randomly) 6 # 7 8 9 use strict; 10 use CGI; 11 use Socket; 12 13 my ($rounds, $round_temp, $squares, $page, $x, $y, $z, $cell, 14 $player_move, @available_choices, $computer_move, @choices, $round, 15 $winner, $player_move_pretty, $computer_move_pretty); 16 17 my ($round_minus_one); #bug fix (was recording moves for round1 as round2 18 19 $page = CGI->new(); 20 21 print $page->header; 22 print $page->start_html(); 23 24 # print table beginnings 25 26 print ("\n"); 27 print ("\n"); 28 29 # left cell is tic tac toe table 30 31 print ("\n"); 142 print ("
\n"); 32 33 # 34 # find out which round it is so we know how to define $squares 35 # 36 37 unless ($page->param('round')) { 38 $round = 0; 39 }else { 40 $round = $page->param('round'); 41 } 42 43 # 44 # set array of tic tac toe squares 45 # 46 47 for my $x (0..2) { 48 for my $y (0..2) { 49 $squares->[$x][$y] = $page->param("$x$y"); 50 } 51 } 52 53 # 54 # set array for determing history of moves (recorded by round) 55 # 56 57 if ($round > 0) { 58 for my $rn (1..5) { 59 $rounds->{"round$rn"} = 60 { player => $page->param("round${rn}_x"), 61 computer => $page->param("round${rn}_o"), 62 } 63 } 64 } 65 66 # 67 # increment $round to give it a new hidden value 68 # 69 70 $round = $round + 1; 71 $round_minus_one = $round - 1; 72 print ("Round is: $round
\n"); 73 74 ## 75 ## get player move using subroutine (subroutine stores it to $squares array) 76 ## 77 78 $player_move = $page->param('choice'); 79 if ($player_move) { 80 $round_temp = "round" . $round_minus_one; 81 player_moves($player_move, $page, $squares); 82 $player_move_pretty = make_move_pretty($player_move); 83 $rounds->{$round_temp}->{'player'} = $player_move_pretty; 84 85 # 86 # evaluate for winner after player moves 87 # 88 89 $winner = evaluate_board($squares); 90 if ($winner eq "x") { 91 print ("Player Won!

\n"); 92 print_table($squares, $page, $winner, $round, $rounds, "final"); 93 }else { 94 95 # 96 # check to see if player won. if player won, don't do the rest of this 97 98 99 # 100 # get available choices for computer choices 101 # 102 103 @available_choices = get_available_choices($squares); 104 105 # 106 # get computer move 107 # 108 $computer_move = get_computer_choice(@available_choices); 109 ($x, $y) = split(//, $computer_move); 110 #get coordinates for computer move and store in $x and $y 111 $squares->[$x][$y] = "o"; ## change square to "o" 112 $round_temp = "round" . $round_minus_one; 113 $computer_move_pretty = make_move_pretty($computer_move); 114 $rounds->{$round_temp}->{'computer'} = $computer_move_pretty; 115 116 } #matches else { 117 118 } #matches if ($player_move) 119 120 121 # 122 # now that we have the array with computer and player choices, see if there is a winner 123 # 124 $winner = evaluate_board($squares); 125 if ($winner eq "o") { #we already checked for x before 126 print ("Computer Won!

\n"); 127 print_table($squares, $page, $winner, $round, $rounds, "final"); 128 } 129 130 if (($winner ne "o") and ($winner ne "x")) { 131 print ("No winner yet

\n"); 132 133 134 print_table($squares, $page, $winner, $round, $rounds); 135 136 137 } 138 139 # end table cell 140 141 print ("

\n"); 143 144 # get printable versions of moves and print choices 145 146 if (($player_move) or ($computer_move)) { 147 foreach $x(1..$round_minus_one) { 148 $round_temp = "round" . $x; 149 print ("

Round $x:
\n"); 150 print ("\tplayer: " . $rounds->{$round_temp}->{'player'} . "
\n"); 151 print ("\tcomputer: " . $rounds->{$round_temp}->{'computer'} . "
\n"); 152 } 153 }else { 154 print ("No moves yet.\n"); 155 } 156 157 # end table 158 159 print ("

\n"); 160 161 print $page->end_html(); 162 163 164 sub player_moves { 165 my $move = $_[0]; ##get move 166 my $page = $_[1]; ## import page object 167 my $squares = $_[2]; ## import array so we can change square 168 my ($x, $y, $z); 169 170 foreach $x(0..2) { 171 foreach $y(0..2) { ##test for each square 172 if ($move eq "$x$y") { 173 $squares->[$x][$y] = "x"; ## define array element for choice 174 } 175 } 176 } 177 } 178 179 sub get_available_choices { 180 my $squares = $_[0]; 181 my ($x, $y, $z); 182 my @available_choices = (); 183 184 foreach $x(0..2) { 185 foreach $y(0..2) { 186 unless (($squares->[$x][$y] eq "x") or ($squares->[$x][$y] eq "o")) { 187 $z = "$x$y"; 188 push (@available_choices, $z); 189 } 190 } 191 } 192 return @available_choices; 193 } 194 195 sub get_computer_choice { 196 my @available_choices = @_; 197 my $length = @available_choices; 198 my $number = int(rand() * ($length - 1)); 199 my $choice = $available_choices[$number]; 200 return $choice; ## this will be a coordinate, in the form of $x$y from $z above 201 } 202 203 204 sub print_hidden_values { 205 my $page = $_[0]; 206 my $squares = $_[1]; 207 my $rounds = $_[2]; 208 my ($x, $y, $cell, $round); 209 210 #print hidden values for cells 211 foreach $x(0..2) { 212 foreach $y(0..2) { 213 $cell = "$x$y"; 214 print (""); 215 print ("\n"); 216 } 217 } 218 219 #print hidden values for rounds (history) 220 foreach $x(1..5) { 221 $round = "round" . $x; 222 print ("\n"); 223 print ("\n"); 224 } 225 } 226 227 228 sub evaluate_board { 229 my ($board) = $_[0]; 230 231 my @table = ( 232 [ 0,0 , 0,1 , 0,2 ], 233 [ 1,0 , 1,1 , 1,2 ], 234 [ 2,0 , 2,1 , 2,2 ], 235 [ 0,0 , 1,0 , 2,0 ], 236 [ 0,1 , 1,1 , 2,1 ], 237 [ 0,2 , 1,2 , 2,2 ], 238 [ 0,0 , 1,1 , 2,2 ], 239 [ 0,2 , 1,1 , 2,0 ], 240 ); 241 242 for my $win (@table) { 243 my ($x1, $y1, $x2, $y2, $x3, $y3) = @$win; 244 if ($board->[$x1][$y1] eq $board->[$x2][$y2] 245 && $board->[$x1][$y1] eq $board->[$x3][$y3]) { 246 return $board->[$x1][$y1]; 247 } 248 } 249 return; 250 } 251 252 sub print_table { 253 my ($squares, $page, $winner, $round, $rounds, $final) = @_; 254 my ($visitor, $visitor_name, $time); 255 256 ## print ending table 257 258 print $page->startform(-method=>'POST'); 259 260 print_hidden_values($page,$squares,$rounds); 261 262 print ("\n"); 263 264 print ("\n"); 265 print ("\n"); 266 for my $row (0..2) { 267 for my $col (0..2) { 268 my $cell = $squares->[$row][$col]; 269 if ($cell eq "") { 270 $cell = $final ? "?" 271 : "\n"; 272 } 273 print ("\n"); 274 } 275 print ("\n") unless $row == 2; 276 } 277 print ("
" . $cell . "

\n"); 278 279 if ($final) { 280 print ("Play Again!") ; 281 } else { 282 print $page->submit(); 283 284 print ("

Note: if you pick more than one square, your choice will be the upper and leftmost square that you choose!!

\n"); 285 } 286 287 print $page->endform(); 288 289 290 print $page->end_html(); 291 292 if ($final) { 293 #print log of play 294 295 $visitor = $page->remote_host(); 296 if ($visitor =~ /\d*\.\d*\.\d*\.\d*/) { 297 $visitor_name = gethostbyaddr(inet_aton($visitor), AF_INET); 298 } 299 300 $time = localtime(time()); 301 302 # open (MAIL, "| /usr/sbin/sendmail -t"); 303 # print MAIL "To: author\@example.com\n"; 304 # print MAIL "Subject: tic tac toe results\n"; 305 # print MAIL "\n$visitor, $visitor_name: $time: $winner on round $round"; 306 # close MAIL; 307 } 308 309 } 310 311 sub make_move_pretty { 312 my %squares_names = ("00" => "top left", 313 "01" => "top center", 314 "02" => "top right", 315 "10" => "center left", 316 "11" => "center", 317 "12" => "center right", 318 "20" => "lower left", 319 "21" => "lower center", 320 "22" => "lower right" 321 ); 322 323 return $squares_names{$_[0]}; 324 } 325 326