1 #!/usr/bin/perl 2 # 3 4 # 5 #A very basic tic-tac-toe program (the computer chooses randomly) 6 # 7 8 9 use strict; 10 use CGI; 11 use Socket; 12 13 my ($rounds, $round_temp, $squares, $page, $x, $y, $z, $cell, $player_move, @available_choices, $computer_move, @choices, $round, $winner, $player_move_pretty, $computer_move_pretty); 14 my ($round_minus_one); #bug fix (was recording moves for round1 as round2 15 16 $page = CGI->new(); 17 18 print $page->header; 19 print $page->start_html(); 20 21 # print table beginnings 22 23 print ("\n"); 24 print ("\n"); 25 26 # left cell is tic tac toe table 27 28 print ("\n"); 257 print ("
\n"); 29 30 # 31 # find out which round it is so we know how to define $squares 32 # 33 34 unless ($page->param('round')) { 35 $round = 0; 36 }else { 37 $round = $page->param('round'); 38 } 39 40 # 41 # set array of tic tac toe squares 42 # 43 44 if ($round > 0) { 45 $squares = [ 46 [ 47 $page->param('[0][0]'), 48 $page->param('[0][1]'), 49 $page->param('[0][2]') 50 ], 51 [ 52 $page->param('[1][0]'), 53 $page->param('[1][1]'), 54 $page->param('[1][2]') 55 ], 56 [ 57 $page->param('[2][0]'), 58 $page->param('[2][1]'), 59 $page->param('[2][2]') 60 ] 61 ]; 62 }else { 63 $squares = [ 64 ['?', '?', '?'], 65 ['?', '?', '?'], 66 ['?', '?', '?'] 67 ]; 68 } 69 70 # 71 # set array for determing history of moves (recorded by round) 72 # 73 74 if ($round > 0) { 75 $rounds = { 76 round1 => { 77 player => $page->param('round1_x'), 78 computer => $page->param('round1_o') 79 }, 80 round2 => { 81 player => $page->param('round2_x'), 82 computer => $page->param('round2_o') 83 }, 84 round3 => { 85 player => $page->param('round3_x'), 86 computer => $page->param('round3_o') 87 }, 88 round4 => { 89 player => $page->param('round4_x'), 90 computer => $page->param('round4_o') 91 }, 92 round5 => { 93 player => $page->param('round5_x'), 94 computer => $page->param('round5_o') 95 } 96 }; 97 }else { 98 $rounds = { 99 round1 => { 100 player => '?', 101 computer => '?' 102 }, 103 round2 => { 104 player => '?', 105 computer => '?' 106 }, 107 round3 => { 108 player => '?', 109 computer => '?' 110 }, 111 round4 => { 112 player => '?', 113 computer => '?' 114 }, 115 round5 => { 116 player => '?', 117 computer => '?' 118 } 119 }; 120 } 121 122 # 123 # increment $round to give it a new hidden value 124 # 125 126 $round = $round + 1; 127 $round_minus_one = $round - 1; 128 print ("Round is: $round
\n"); 129 130 ## 131 ## get player move using subroutine (subroutine stores it to $squares array) 132 ## 133 134 $player_move = $page->param('choice'); 135 if ($player_move) { 136 $round_temp = "round" . $round_minus_one; 137 player_moves($player_move, $page, $squares); 138 $player_move_pretty = make_move_pretty($player_move); 139 $rounds->{$round_temp}->{'player'} = $player_move_pretty; 140 141 # 142 # evaluate for winner after player moves 143 # 144 145 $winner = evaluate_board($squares); 146 if ($winner eq "x") { 147 print ("Player Won!

\n"); 148 print_final_table($squares, $page, $winner, $round, $rounds); 149 }else { 150 151 # 152 # check to see if player won. if player won, don't do the rest of this 153 154 155 # 156 # get available choices for computer choices 157 # 158 159 @available_choices = get_available_choices($squares); 160 161 # 162 # get computer move 163 # 164 $computer_move = get_computer_choice(@available_choices); 165 ($x, $y) = split(/:/, $computer_move); 166 #get coordinates for computer move and store in $x and $y 167 $squares->[$x][$y] = "o"; ## change square to "o" 168 $round_temp = "round" . $round_minus_one; 169 $computer_move_pretty = make_move_pretty($computer_move); 170 $rounds->{$round_temp}->{'computer'} = $computer_move_pretty; 171 172 } #matches else { 173 174 } #matches if ($player_move) 175 176 177 # 178 # now that we have the array with computer and player choices, see if there is a winner 179 # 180 $winner = evaluate_board($squares); 181 if ($winner eq "o") { #we already checked for x before 182 print ("Computer Won!

\n"); 183 print_final_table($squares, $page, $winner, $round, $rounds); 184 } 185 186 if (($winner ne "o") and ($winner ne "x")) { 187 print ("No winner yet

\n"); 188 189 # start form 190 191 print $page->startform(-method=> 'POST'); 192 193 #print hidden values in form 194 195 print_hidden_values($page, $squares, $rounds); 196 197 # print hidden value for $round 198 199 print "\n"; 200 201 # print hidden values for saving rounds 202 203 204 # start tic tac toe table 205 206 print ("\n"); 207 208 # 209 # look through array elements ($squares) and find x's or o's 210 # for all squares with no value, print a checkbox with the coordinates 211 # in the form of [0][0] as its name 212 # 213 214 foreach $x(0..2) { 215 if ($squares->[0][$x] eq "?") { 216 print_cell($squares, $page, $x, "0"); 217 }else { 218 print ("\n"); 219 } 220 } 221 222 print ("\n"); 223 foreach $x(0..2) { 224 if ($squares->[1][$x] eq "?") { 225 print_cell($squares, $page, $x, "1"); 226 }else { 227 print ("\n"); 228 } 229 } 230 231 print ("\n"); 232 foreach $x(0..2) { 233 if ($squares->[2][$x] eq "?") { 234 print_cell($squares, $page, $x, "2"); 235 }else { 236 print ("\n"); 237 } 238 } 239 240 print ("
" . $squares->[0][$x] . "
" . $squares->[1][$x] . "
" . $squares->[2][$x] . "
"); 241 242 # 243 # print warning about picking multiple squares 244 # 245 246 print $page->submit(); 247 248 print ("

Note: if you pick more than one square, your choice will be the upper and leftmost square that you choose!!

\n"); 249 250 251 print $page->endform(); 252 } 253 254 # end table cell 255 256 print ("

\n"); 258 259 # get printable versions of moves and print choices 260 261 if (($player_move) or ($computer_move)) { 262 foreach $x(1..$round_minus_one) { 263 $round_temp = "round" . $x; 264 print ("

Round $x:
\n"); 265 print ("\tplayer: " . $rounds->{$round_temp}->{'player'} . "
\n"); 266 print ("\tcomputer: " . $rounds->{$round_temp}->{'computer'} . "
\n"); 267 } 268 }else { 269 print ("No moves yet.\n"); 270 } 271 272 # end table 273 274 print ("

\n"); 275 276 print $page->end_html(); 277 278 279 sub player_moves { 280 my $move = $_[0]; ##get move 281 my $page = $_[1]; ## import page object 282 my $squares = $_[2]; ## import array so we can change square 283 my ($x, $y, $z); 284 285 foreach $x(0..2) { 286 foreach $y(0..2) { ##test for each square 287 $z = "[$x][$y]"; 288 if ($move eq $z) { 289 $squares->[$x][$y] = "x"; ## define array element for choice 290 } 291 } 292 } 293 } 294 295 sub print_cell { 296 my $squares = $_[0]; ##import semi-existant array of squares 297 my $page = $_[1]; ##import html stuffs 298 my $x = $_[2]; ##import the number that the foreach is on 299 my $row = $_[3]; ##import the row we are on 300 my $cell = "[$row][$x]"; ##get square coordinates for use in naming checkbx 301 302 print (""); 303 print ("\n"); 304 print (""); 305 } 306 307 sub get_available_choices { 308 my $squares = $_[0]; 309 my ($x, $y, $z); 310 my @available_choices = (); 311 312 foreach $x(0..2) { 313 foreach $y(0..2) { 314 unless (($squares->[$x][$y] eq "x") or ($squares->[$x][$y] eq "o")) { 315 $z = "$x:$y"; ## return in this form for later use (so we can split it by the colon) 316 push (@available_choices, $z); 317 } 318 } 319 } 320 return @available_choices; 321 } 322 323 sub get_computer_choice { 324 my @available_choices = @_; 325 my $length = @available_choices; 326 my $number = int(rand() * ($length - 1)); 327 my $choice = $available_choices[$number]; 328 return $choice; ## this will be a coordinate, in the form of $x:$y from $z above 329 } 330 331 332 sub print_hidden_values { 333 my $page = $_[0]; 334 my $squares = $_[1]; 335 my $rounds = $_[2]; 336 my ($x, $y, $cell, $round); 337 338 #print hidden values for cells 339 foreach $x(0..2) { 340 foreach $y(0..2) { 341 $cell = "[$x][$y]"; 342 print (""); 343 print ("\n"); 344 } 345 } 346 347 #print hidden values for rounds (history) 348 foreach $x(1..5) { 349 $round = "round" . $x; 350 print ("\n"); 351 print ("\n"); 352 } 353 } 354 355 356 sub evaluate_board { 357 my ($squares) = $_[0]; 358 my ($x, $y, $winner); 359 360 foreach $x (0..2) { 361 if ( 362 ($squares->[$x][0] eq $squares->[$x][1]) and 363 ($squares->[$x][1] eq $squares->[$x][2]) 364 ) { 365 $winner = $squares->[$x][0]; 366 return $winner; 367 } 368 } 369 foreach $y (0..2) { 370 if ( 371 ($squares->[0][$y] eq $squares->[1][$y]) and 372 ($squares->[1][$y] eq $squares->[2][$y]) 373 ) { 374 $winner = $squares->[0][$y]; 375 return $winner; 376 } 377 } 378 if ( 379 (($squares->[1][1] eq "x") or ($squares->[1][1] eq "o")) 380 and 381 ( 382 (($squares->[0][0] eq $squares->[1][1]) and 383 ($squares->[1][1] eq $squares->[2][2])) 384 or 385 (($squares->[0][2] eq $squares->[1][1]) and 386 ($squares->[1][1] eq $squares->[2][0])) 387 ) 388 ) { 389 $winner = $squares->[1][1]; 390 return $winner; 391 } 392 } 393 394 sub print_final_table { 395 my $squares = $_[0]; 396 my $page = $_[1]; 397 my $winner = $_[2]; 398 my $round = $_[3]; 399 my $rounds = $_[4]; 400 my ($visitor, $visitor_name, $time); 401 402 ## print ending table 403 404 print $page->startform(action=>'tic_tac.cgi', 405 method=>'POST' 406 ); 407 408 print_hidden_values($page,$squares,$rounds); 409 410 print ("\n"); 411 412 print ("\n"); 413 print ("\n"); 414 foreach $x(0..2) { ##print first row 415 print ("\n"); 416 } 417 print ("\n"); 418 foreach $x(0..2) { ##print second row 419 print ("\n"); 420 } 421 print ("\n"); 422 foreach $x(0..2) { ##print third row 423 print ("\n"); 424 } 425 print ("
" . $squares->[0][$x] . "
" . $squares->[1][$x] . "
" . $squares->[2][$x] . "

\n"); 426 427 print ("Play Again!"); 428 429 print $page->end_html(); 430 431 #print log of play 432 433 $visitor = $page->remote_host(); 434 if ($visitor =~ /\d*\.\d*\.\d*\.\d*/) { 435 $visitor_name = gethostbyaddr(inet_aton($visitor), AF_INET); 436 } 437 438 $time = localtime(time()); 439 440 open (MAIL, "| /usr/sbin/sendmail -t"); 441 print MAIL "To: author\@example.com\n"; 442 print MAIL "Subject: tic tac toe results\n"; 443 print MAIL "\n$visitor, $visitor_name: $time: $winner on round $round"; 444 close MAIL; 445 } 446 447 sub make_move_pretty { 448 my ($move) = $_[0]; #get move (either $player_move or $computer_move 449 my (%squares_names, $pretty_move); 450 451 if ($move =~ /:/) { 452 $move =~ s/^(\d):(\d)/$1$2/; 453 } 454 else { 455 $move =~ s/^\[(\d)\]\[(\d)\]/$1$2/; 456 } 457 458 %squares_names = ("00" => "top left", 459 "01" => "top center", 460 "02" => "top right", 461 "10" => "center left", 462 "11" => "center", 463 "12" => "center right", 464 "20" => "lower left", 465 "21" => "lower center", 466 "22" => "lower right" 467 ); 468 469 $pretty_move = $squares_names{$move}; 470 return $pretty_move; 471 } 472 473